Resource station is a settlement building that lets you access several functions related to logistics.
Production storage
It's an inventory shared with all settlements which by default is used for output from production cycle. Production output can redirected to workshop of one of the settlements through the menu, that can be used to automatically make it available to all supply-linked crafting stations.
Personal cargo bots management
Personal storages
Just globally-available storages for player. Settlers will not take items from these.
Supply line
Every resource station can support one supply line that does not use a settler. Otherwise it works identically to normal line.
Production
Player can enable fertilization for different kinds of plants which doubles the yield at the cost of fertilizer. Also, maintenance kits and liquid fuel can be inserted here to produce fuel, purified water, concrete, lumber and steel.